What are magnetic maps. Sargent - Teak Wood Magnetic Hanger Frame Optional.
What are magnetic maps. Push pin magnets are a twist on a classic push pin design, minus the holes. 5,368. The map measures 10 1/2" H by 16 1/2" L, leaving space for a few fun facts about each state. As shown in Figure 1, the basement is of complex Jun 4, 2020 · Aeromagnetic methods are primarily used for regional geological mapping and in the exploration of natural resources such as oil and gas, minerals, and groundwater. Traveler World Map Magnetic Board, World Travel Decorations, Custom Magnetic Board, Travel Magnet Board, World Map Wall Art, World Traveller. 5k) $110. The map is derived from more than 50 years of aeromagnetic, shipborne surveys over land and sea and supplemented by observations from earth-orbiting satellites. 462. 9 ft Magnetic Bulletin Board Border Travel the Map Roll Magnetic Border Trim Globes Map Magnetic Strips Trim for Classroom Chalkboard Wall Refrigerator Whiteboards Decor 3. . Magnetic map allows for automatic alignment and rotation of chosen types of objects placed on the map. Choose from Topo, Satellite Imagery, USGS, Land Ownership, Murals, Waterproof, Dry Erase and Magnetic Maps at any size. 29 with Subscribe & Save discount. Or fastest delivery Fri, Mar 8. The magnetic survey grids have been continued to 305 meters (1,000 feet) above ground and merged together to form the State compilation. FREE delivery Thu, Apr 4 on $35 of items shipped by Amazon. World black board- black, memo board magnetic, magnetic puzzle, drawings for kids, magnetic puzzle for post, wall decoration. This map is expertly framed and manufactured using a newly developed and patented magnetically receptive surface. Includes 30 multicolor magnets for placing on past, Future, and next travel destinations. World Traveler Magnets. Geological Survey Jul 1, 2014 · In fact, both magnetic curves and harmonic maps can be obtained as particular situations of magnetic maps. M. Proudly Made in the USA; Residue-Free Magnet Map; Weather-Resistant, Prevent Fading Learning Resources Magnetic US Map Puzzle - 44 Pieces, Puzzles for Kids Ages 4+, US Map for Kids Learning, Geography for Kids,Kindergartner Learning Toys. 13. It is a significant update of our previous candidate grid for the World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map. Anomalies trending parallel to the isochrons (lines of equal age) in the oceans reveal the temporal evolution of oceanic crust. The Geographic North Pole is static and is located about 1200 miles north of the Magnetic Pole. Magnetic anomaly maps provide insight into the subsurface structure and composition of the Earth's crust. They are generalizations of both magnetic curves and harmonic maps. Large metal world map. Munteanu. Industrial World Map. 50 colored magnets in 5 colors (white, red, yellow, green, and blue) let you Traveler World Map Magnetic Board, World Travel Decorations, Custom Magnetic Board, Travel Magnet Board, World Map Wall Art, World Traveller (348) Sale Price $104. 51. Turtles may possess a map in which magnetic cues provide only You'll master the geography basics fast when you have this United States magnetic puzzle map. 700+ bought in past month. Class magnetic push pins feature a simple and functional 24 Magnetic Push Pins Miniature Game Piece Pawn Useful for Fridge, Office, Map Magnets, Kitchen Magnets, Whiteboard Magnets, Photo Magnets, Fun Colorful Classroom Magnets Pawn Style (Assorted-20pcs) 27. Home decor. In addition, a map shows the location of the aeromagnetic surveys, color-coded to the survey flight-line spacing. Track your travels on this magnetic map by pinpointing areas of interest with the 50 magnets included. Measuring and mapping these variations allows mapping of the distribution and patterns of magnetic rocks. 7 out of 5 stars 412 $14. The paper print is encapsulated in plastic then hand-mounted onto flexible sheet metal in our Somerset studio. Rusty Art decor. geophysics, major branch of the Earth sciences that applies the principles and methods of physics to the study of the Earth. 00 with coupon. The angle can change over time due to polar wandering . Star is True north, GN is Grid north, MN is Magnetic north. The latest version of the World Magnetic Model (WMM), one of the key tools developed to model the change in Earth's magnetic field, has been released. Learn a lot and have a good time doing it with Jul 5, 2020 · Janod Magnetic USA Map Puzzle. $799. The large magnetic board represents the world with its continents, seas and oceans: The colour used for each region helps you to find your way around Check out our magnetic rv map selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our refrigerator magnets shops. 99 ($0. $131. Magnetic maps in animals: nature's GPS. (138) $89. create a custom wall map that fits your. 78. Also, a complete Bouguer gravity anomaly grid and map was generated from 40,665 gravity station measurements in and adjacent to Oregon. 99. 5,357. 78/Count) $13. You can also create a custom wall map that fits your needs with custom sizing, custom area coverage and more. Magnetic Metal World Map. From maps of magnetic variation, inferences about the subsurface distribution of World map magnetic poster VACENTURES original size XL and XXL including magnets. Some animals, of course, have both. These stripes are thought to been generated as rock cooled Apr 1, 2006 · The magnetic field is a vectorial quantity; it has both a magnitude and a direction. Learning Resources Magnetic US Map Puzzle - 44 Pieces, Puzzles for Kids Ages 4+, US Map for Kids Learning, Geography for Kids,Kindergartner Learning Toys. 31. By interpolating these data, a refined magnetic grid map is constructed. 1. Oct 31, 2022 · Geomagnetism Program. Deluxe Push Pin World Map | Premium Wood Frame | Personalized Gift Map | Handmade in Minnesota | 33" x 21". (55) $310. 5 out of 5 stars 53 Magnetic navigation requires the comparison of onboard magnetic sensor measurements to reference magnetic maps and models. The supplied magnetic strips can be used to fix the map to the wall with ease, or add a frame or hanging rails to your order on the product page. $105. The use of magnetic positional information has been demonstrated in several diverse animals including sea turtles, spiny lobsters, newts and birds, suggesting that such systems are phylogenetically widespread and can function over a wide range of spatial scales. After following the directions of the primer, we put on a top coat of one of our favorite colors. Personalize it. More Buying Choices. World map. The model provides magnetic field values (total field, dip, and declination) at any point above or below the Earth's surface. We then summarize evidence for magnetic maps in dierent animals, highlight-ing two types of maps: one used by rst-time migrants to guide movements along migratory pathways and apparently Mar 28, 2016 · Magnetic declination—the angle between magnetic North and true North—at a given location also changes over time. Aug 20, 2010 · The World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map (WDMAM) project is an international effort to integrate all available near-surface and satellite magnetic anomaly data. The possibility of a magnetic map or geographic position sense raises fundamental questions not only about bicoordinate navigation, but also about the biophysical mechanism (s) that mediate sensitivity to the geomagnetic field and about the limits of sensory perception. WARNING : California’s Proposition 65. 00 USD. Magnetic anomaly maps derived from regional airborne (see Magnetic Methods, Airborne) and marine surveys are beneficial to our understanding of the subsurface structure, chemical composition, and geodynamics of the Earth’s crust (see Earth’s Structure, Continental Crust) and lithosphere Jan 1, 2020 · WORLD MAP PUZZLE: Each magnet represents a country or a region of the world, with its name, its capital and an illustration characterising that part of the globe. $17900. 36. Magnetic maps are widely used in the geological sciences and in resource exploration. Browse our hand framed magnetic travel maps by size, style, and frame color. Developed by NCEI and the British Geological Survey, with support from the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), the WMM is a HUNTERRA exists to deliver superior maps for the American hunter, wildlife manager, and land steward. Maps and directions are usually oriented toward the Geographic Pole, also referred to as "True Magnetic maps and charts need to be updated every few years, an on-going project that requires the collection of magnetic data as the field is complicated in shape and changes over time. May 23, 2011 · The developed magnetic maps can complement existing visual maps for location tracking and navigation of autonomous robots indoors and are particularly useful during limited visual feedback in poor lighting conditions. A brief treatment of geophysics follows. Jan 24, 2022 · A major pitfall in interpreting magnetic residual maps is assuming that magnetic highs and lows are caused by elevation changes on basement rocks in a sedimentary basin. At any given location, measurements of the ambient magnetic field are the sum of various components, including sources internal and external to the magnetic maps in animals. Around the US in 48 Magnets! A fun and educational way of discovering all of the states in the USA with the capital cities and landmarks that make them great!. 1. 80. Large Map Metal Art. 31 $0. One can also verify the presence of steep gradients sepa- rating Learning Resources Magnetic US Map Puzzle - 44 Pieces, Puzzles for Kids Ages 4+, US Map for Kids Learning, Geography for Kids,Kindergartner Learning Toys. coverage and more. They are also extremely useful in research studies on the internal structure and evolution of the earth, plate tectonics, and earthquakes. Detailed corten world map. Get the print version. FREE delivery Wed, Feb 14 on $35 of items shipped by Amazon. Outus 68. Some This digital Magnetic Anomaly database and map for the North American continent is the result of a joint effort by the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), U. $1298 ($0. When a user drag-and-drops an object above the magnetic map cell, this object is automatically placed into the center of the magnetic cell. Set of 30 Magnet Pins $9. Small Business. 0-billion-year-old geology underlying the cover of glacial deposits. The star symbol in the diagram indicates Jul 27, 2015 · Next, we used Rust-oleum Magnetic Primer and rolled it on. This antiqued world map is gicl printed on natural linen with rich, subdued colors that impart a sophisticated old-world appearance. 2K+ bought in past month. The big magnetic board shows the states with color used for each piece helps you find its place. The upper two panels in Figure 43 shows maps of the. You can write on these maps with dry erase markers. We provide some fundamental examples of magnetic maps. Jan 1, 2014 · Magnetic data have been collected from magnetometers towed by aircraft and ships for many decades now. 99 $ 17 . Current World Map Poster Kit, World Map, planisphere Detailed vintage style (French) with magnetic poster holder. These variations occur at a wide range of scales and are produced via a variety of physical processes related to factors including structure and evolution of the Earth"s core field and the geologic distribution of magnetic minerals in the lithosphere. Expand. Jun 7, 2023 · The magnetic method is a non-invasive geophysical method which ultimately measures the magnetic field associated with magnetic minerals in crustal rocks. The High Definition Geomagnetic Model (HDGM) is a global, high-resolution model of Earth's geomagnetic main and crustal field. (347) $104. Magnetic Wall Maps are useful planning and tracking tools. 2a) indicates that most of the magnetic anomalies trend in the NE-SW, NW-SE, N-S and E-W directions. more. , perpendicular) to the ellipsoid. Our Historical Magnetic Declination Map Viewer displays locations of the geomagnetic poles and historical declination lines calculated for the years 1590–2020. At no extra charge, you can also have your custom title permanently printed into the header of your map. Cover the metal surface with a layer of spray adhesive, give the glue a minute or so to tack up, then carefully attach map, starting in one corner and working your way across the steel sheet, gently Apr 16, 2019 · This high-resolution map of magnetic field variations measured over northwestern Minnesota shows many details of the 2. It's a great study tool for ages 6 and up — and with adult supervision, kids under 6 can start learning, too. 0 out of 5 stars 13 $17. Magnetic declination changes over time and with location. List: $24. The magnetic map structure (x, y, m z ′, m x y ′, m x y z ′) has position (x, y) at particular intervals, and converts three magnetic elements (m z ′, m x y ′, m Sep 20, 2005 · The features and patterns of the magnetic anomalies can be used to delineate details of subsurface geology, including the locations of buried faults and magnetite-bearing rocks and the dept Iowa magnetic and gravity maps and data: A web site for distribution of data | U. Framed in 1 3/4Brown/wood grain pattern wrapped frame. Apr 29, 2004 · The precise magnetic feature or features that turtles detect and exactly how the magnetic map is organized remain to be determined. Using ground-based observatories, we provide continuous records of magnetic field variations; disseminate magnetic data to various governmental, academic, and private institutions; and conduct research into the nature of geomagnetic variations for purposes of scientific understanding Large World Map Poster + Magnetic Oak Hanger - Detailed Accurate Wall Travel Print - High Quality Personalized Traveler Art 100x70cm/39x27″. Use the IAGA Web Image Spreadsheet Tool (Wist) to display and download IGRF magnetic field maps and data from 1900 - 2015. numbers is measured or mapped. All longitude lines converge to points at the north and south poles. Only 4 left in stock - order soon. Magnetic field fluctuations and anomalies inside buildings tend to have a great effect on the compass, which is one of the simplest navigation devices. Jan 9, 2022 · Thus, in the lexicon of the animal navigation literature, an animal has a magnetic map if it derives positional information from Earth’s magnetic field; it has a magnetic compass if it uses the geomagnetic field to maintain direction. 31 /Count) Custom Printed Maps for Hunting, Game Management Units and the Outdoors. As family members are constantly moving, the magnet pins can be easily moved to keep the map up to date. 7- to 2. The WDMAM (World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map) is an international scientific project under the auspices of IAGA (International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy) and CGMW (Commission for the Geological Map of the World), aiming to compile and make available magnetic anomalies caused by the Earth lithosphere, on continental and oceanic areas, in a comprehensive way, all over the World. 95 $ 14 . The world maps of all the components of the geomagnetic field, calculated from the latest WMM model (WMM2015) are available for at the WMM home page (click the map on the lower left). Each decorative push pin can hold up to 6 sheets of printer paper! Apply to any magnetic surface - magnetic whiteboard, fridges, cabinets and lockers. An official website of the United States government. Order Today! Call Us Now 1-888-434-7277. All of our maps can be ordered with a magnetic finish. Finishing options include laminated, framed, magnetic and more. Single maps up to 4x12', Larger in matching sections Order MagnaMaps ® the way you want them: handsome, dry-erase steel whiteboard heat-fused printed with your customized digital map (or any map obtainable for reproduction), into our MagnaLux ® porcelain-like Jan 1, 2021 · The world magnetic anomaly map is the first international collaborative effort to compile magnetic anomaly information on a global scale. Map Magnets are guaranteed to keep your photos and notes up. 99 $10. 95 ( $0. All of our maps can be ordered with either high or standard details. P. 500+ bought in past month. For full treatment, see geology: Geophysics. A free magnet pack is Magnetic Maps. e. To the contrary, most magnetic anomalies are caused by lithologic changes and the corresponding changes in susceptibility. NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), formerly the National Geophysical Data Center, and the collocated World Data Service for Geophysics, Boulder, operated by NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI, archive and make available geomagnetic data and information relating to Earth's magnetic field and Earth-Sun environment, including current declination, geomagnetic field models and magnetic May 17, 2018 · The large amount of data collected by the robot makes it possible to construct a high-resolution map. Geological Survey (USGS), and Consejo de Recursos Minerales of Mexico (CRM). At a quick glance, you can see exactly where everyone is located, helping to figuratively shrink the distance between you and your loved ones. We barely made those three cans cover that one wall. The HDGM is updated annually to correctly model secular changes in the geomagnetic field. Our promise is to compromise nothing in the name of creating a product that not only provides utility, but is a reflection of your lifestyle. The Wist allows the user to select the magnetic survey. For ten years we've put our heart and soul into honing the craft of professional map design. Your custom digital map, ready-to-use with special map-animation magnet accessories. Geophysics deals with a wide array of geologic phenomena, including the temperature Mar 12, 2023 · Magnetic surveys are a geophysical exploration technique used to measure and map variations in the Earth's magnetic field. 65/Count) FREE delivery Wed, Jan 10 on $35 of items shipped by Amazon. . Published in Science 3 February 2006. We recommend using our strong magnets, available in assortments or by individual color to meet your needs. Set Sail with Antique Map Print. 2x3 to 9x12 feet and larger. magnetometers often measure We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Declination is positive east of true north and negative when west. Expertly manufactured and Framed in littleton, Co. The resolution has been improved from 3 arc-minutes to 2 arc-minutes, and the altitude has been reduced from 5 km to 4 km above the Magnetic declination (also called magnetic variation) is the angle between magnetic north and true north at a particular location on the Earth's surface. $1399 ($0. HDGM provides higher resolution magnetic directional Apr 13, 2017 · "The magnetic-based 'map' has been found in amphibians, fish, reptiles, birds, and aquatic mammals," James Gould, a biologist affiliated with Princeton University, told NPR in an email. FREE delivery Feb 12 - 15. FIND YOUR WALL MAPS. Aug 8, 2021 · The Magnetic World Map, our standout artwork on canvas, grandly doubles as a tool for charting your jet-setting journeys. FREE delivery Sat, Mar 9 on $35 of items shipped by Amazon. Nov 1, 2007 · Magnetic Navigation by an Avian Migrant. Our wall maps are available in sizes from. The Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus is a migratory crustacean found in the waters of the Caribbean and the southeastern United States. Alternative navigation With framed magnetic travel maps, you can chart your journeys across the country or globe and even plan that “someday” trip of a lifetime. At any given location, measurements of the ambient magnetic field are the sum of various components, including sources internal and EMAG2 is a global Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, ship, and airborne magnetic measurements. The names of the states are on the board as well as the We have magnetic whiteboard maps of all 50 states. True north, also called geodetic north or geographic north, is the direction of the line of longitude that bisects the quadrangle. Mark your favorite destinations and most memorable trips from the past on our exclusively designed magnetic travel world map. Set of 6, 1 inch (25mm) Round Glass Magnets for Home, Office or School Decor. $1869. Metal wall hanging. Etsy’s Pick. Ships in 5 business Map Magnets - 48 Clear Magnetic Push Pins - Perfect Clear Magnetic Thumb Tacks for Fridge Magnets, Calendar Magnets, Whiteboard Magnets, and Map Magnets 4. Anonymous data collected through the application can be used to detect magnetic anomalies caused by objects in the surrounding environment and also helps inform NOAA science. 80 Jun 26, 2007 · The Magnetic Anomaly Map of the World is the first global compilation of the wealth of magnetic anomaly information derived from more than 50 years of aeromagnetic surveys over land areas, research vessel magnetometer traverses at sea, and observations from Earth-orbiting satellites, supplemented by anomaly values derived from oceanic crustal ages. We introduce the notion of magnetic maps between Riemannian manifolds. These current maps are printed on parchment-style paper with rich, subdued colors that give each one a sophisticated old-world appearance. Explore the interactive map. Regular price$99. In Oregon, 49 magnetic surveys have been knit together to form a single digital grid and map. Magnetic maps and models are available at a wide range of scales and scope. Create your own map and free shipping to your door. 400+ bought in past month. March 26, 2024. Or fastest delivery Wed, Apr 3. Corten Map. Mar 5, 2019 · The See Many Places Magnet Map of the United States is designed for vehicle use, applies to any magnetic surface, and won't damage the surface. This talk is based manly on some work with Jun-ichi Inoguchi. Mar 21, 2017 · The map shows magnetic stripes —places that show an alternating pattern of normal and reversed polarities—along the ocean crust. Aug 21, 2017 · Dimensions 33x 22x 1. Mar 7, 2018 · The magnetic grid is compiled from 25 separate magnetic surveys that have been knit together to form a single composite digital grid and map. This was the pricey part of the project, because each of those cans are about $25 and they don't go very far. Magnetic Travel Maps. In principle, the dip poles can be found by conducting a magnetic survey to determine where Protect your work surface with a disposable material, like newspaper or a plastic drop cloth. Jan 8, 2021 · This travel map for decor is available in three different sizes (33x22, 37x25, 46x34) and 6 different artistic color schemes to complement any sized room. These current maps are printed on proprietary magnetic material with rich, subdued colors that give each one a sophisticated appearance. Feb 3, 2006 · Magnetic Maps. The discovery of the magnetic map sense has revolutionized studies of RTP land magnetic map (Fig. Designed by Seth Alberty, this map features a creative blend of soft colors and old-world feel. 50+ bought in past month. 80 $ 104. 2. (698) $24. Magnetic world map corten. marine geophysics. 00. Definition 1. Place the steel sheet, cleaned side up, on top. $1579. CrowdMag is a citizen science project that uses your mobile phone’s internal magnetometer to record magnetic data as you move. Here's how you know Relative Density of Existing Forests Map, United States 1884, Charles S. needs with custom sizing, custom area. Such studies require the potential field aeromagnetic data to be digitally accessible Abstract— Magnetic navigation requires the comparison of onboard magnetic sensor measurements to reference magnetic maps and models. You can also. We monitor the Earth's magnetic field. Rusted Steel Map. FREE shipping. Wall Maps With Pins: This magnetic pin travel map includes a set of 30 multicolored magnets. [13] The map is called magnetic with respect to and if it is a Magnetic maps depict spatial variations in the Earth"s magnetic field. Dec 10, 2019 · World Magnetic Model 2020 Released. FREE delivery Mon, Jan 22 on $35 of items shipped by Amazon. Each map also has four styles to choose from: Context, Context Outline, Cutout, and Cutout Outline. Magnetic declination, sometimes called magnetic variation, is the angle between magnetic north and true north. By measuring these variations, scientists and researchers can gather valuable information about the underlying geological structures College of Arts and Sciences | University of South Florida Abaokai 45pcs Metal Magnetic Push Pins Magnetic Thumb Tacks, Practical Fridge Magnets, Perfect for Whiteboard, Magnet Board, Heavy Duty, Strong, Kitchen, Office, Magnetic Map 5. Check out our magnetic map of united states selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our maps shops. Bring your traveler’s spirit into your home décor with a one-of-a-kind piece from the Driftless Studios magnetic map series! Each one includes 30 magnet pins for you to mark your favorite destination, future plans, or most memorable spot. 00 (20% off) FREE shipping. 40/Count) The Surficial Geology of Kansas interactive map and allows users to explore the geology of the state and includes layers for roads, Public Land Survey System descriptions, county and city boundaries, and more. These north and south positions, called dip poles, do not need to be (and are not currently) antipodal. dynamo theory. Save $10. With our Magnetic Travel Maps, you can chart your journeys around the globe and even plan that “someday” trip of a lifetime. Map color is modern Gray/neon palette. Following a scientific review of the candidate submissions, NGDC's grid (now Nov 1, 2007 · Magnetic maps are known to exist in at least one other marine animal. S. The KGS also has a wall-sized print version geologic map of the entire state. For centuries, the compass has been used for orientation and navigation, with the north-seeking tendency of its magnetized needle responding to Earth's Example of north arrows from US Topo map. The Earth's magnetic field is not uniform, and changes in the magnetic properties of subsurface materials can influence the overall field. Magnetic poles are commonly understood as positions on Earth's surface where the geomagnetic field is vertical (i. Shop Online - Talk to a Map Specialist Call Now! 1-888-434-6277 Contact Us. These interactive maps are memorable and make for a unique gift for planning family excursions, business trips, or Click on the map to find the magnetic declination at your location The magnetic needle in a compass is attracted by the magnetism of the Earth, and therefore always points to the constantly shifting Magnetic North Pole. (350) $72. We begin with a description of positional information in Earth’s magnetic eld and a brief history of research on magnetic maps. Its purpose is to ease the positioning of objects on the game boards and cards. Ant Mag Push Pin Magnets 18 Pack Metal Magnetic Push Pins Round Semi Spherical Pin Magnets Mini Silver Perfect for Whiteboard Magnets Office Magnets Map Magnets Refridgerator Magnets. argus is nocturnal and spends the daylight hours within crevices and holes ( Herrnkind, 1980 ). Custom US Magnetic Board, Personalized Travel Magnetic Board, United States Magnetic Board, State Park Magnet Display, Souvenir Magnet Board. Or fastest delivery Feb 9 - 14. maps are sizes 2x2 to 9x12 feet. 36x24 - Antique Tan World Map Push Pin - Travel Map Check out our magnetic usa map selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our maps shops. Magnetic. 5,352. Artfully set in a brushed Silver Another common use of magnetic maps is to keep track of the locations of friends and family members. Teams of researchers were invited by IAGA and CWGM to produce candidate maps using a common pool of data sets. Mathematics, Physics. (1. As the compass points with local magnetic fields, declination value is needed to obtain true north. Laminated World Map & US Map Poster Set - 18" x 29" - Wall Chart Maps of the World & United States - Made in the USA (LAMINATED) 7,065. Magnetic north is the direction that the north end of a magnetized compass needle points, which corresponds to the direction of the XL Magnetic wooden 3D world map, floating on the wall, in black and white silver or your own color, in 3 sizes. Framed Magnetic Travel Map 33" x 22" - Classic Tan. Sargent - Teak Wood Magnetic Hanger Frame Optional. vg vo to pk kn si fr mh ma ac